In immunoelectrophoresis against fresh human serum, a single precipitin line is obtained in the beta-1 region representing native C3. Against serum containing partly activated C3, a precipitin line is obtained which extends from the beta-1 into the alpha-2 region, demonstrating a gradient. In old serum containing totally activated C3 a single precipitin line in the alpha-2 region is obtained. Antisera to C3c cab also react with the fragments C3b, C3bi and smaller fragments, since they all carry antigenic determinants of the C3c domain. The product does not react with any other proteins component of human serum or plasma. As unlabelled primary or secondary antibody for the detection of C3c at the cellular and subcellular level by immunofluorescence and immunoenzyme assay methods; for the production of immunoconjugates with a selected marker; to prepare insoluble immunoaffinity adsorbents by coupling to an artificial carrier; as catching or detecting antibody in non-isotopic methodology and solid phase immunochemistry. Determinations of individual complement components can be useful in defining the exact location of a defect. When applied in any immunocytochemical or histochemical staining procedure or solid phase coupling technique, the optimum working dilution should be established by titration before being used.