Anti-HMGB1(HMG1) (Pig) mAb

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), named for its rapid migration properties on electrophoretic gels, is a member of the nonhistone chromatin-associated proteins. HMGB1 is translated as a 214 amino acid protein and is extensively modified posttranslationally by glycosylation, acylation, methylation, and phosphorylation. The primary structure is evolutionarily conserved, with 100% amino acid sequence homology between rat and mouse and 99% homology between rodent and human. Intracellular HMGB1 has previously been studied for its roles in binding DNA; stabilizing nucleosome formation; as a general transcription factor for nucleolar and mitochondrial RNA polymerases; and as a gene- and tissue-specific transcriptional regulator that can enhance transcription and/or replication. Extracellular HMGB1 has recently been implicated as a late mediator of delayed endotoxin lethality, because murine and human macrophages/monocytes release large amounts of a 29 kDa form of HMGB1 when stimulated by exposure to bacterial endotoxin.