Prostaglandin E1

Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is a vasoactive prostaglandin and an active metabolite of dihomo-?-linolenic acid (DGLA; Item No. 90230).{64886,10906} It is formed from DGLA by COX-1 and COX-2. PGE1 is an agonist of the PGE2 (Item No. 14010) receptor subtypes EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4, and the IP receptor (Kis = 36, 10, 1.1, 2.1, and 33 nM, respectively, for the mouse receptors).{6640} It inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation of isolated human platelet-rich plasma (IC50 = 40 nM) and isoproterenol-induced increases in L-type calcium current (ICa) in isolated rabbit atrial cells (EC50 = 27 nM).{960,9061} PGE1 (100 nM) induces vasodilation in isolated rat aortic rings and activates ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) in a cell-attached patch clamp assay using isolated rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).{64886} It decreases femoral arterial perfusion pressure in dogs.{1350} Formulations containing PGE1 have been used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction and to maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus in neonates with congenital heart defects who depend on a patent ductus arteriosus for survival.