(+)-Borneol

(+)-Borneol is a bicyclic monoterpene and a stereoisomer of (-)-borneol (Item No. 23468) that has been found in various plants, including S. tomentosa, and has diverse biological activities including analgesic, neuroprotective, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.{36773,36860,36861,36862} (+)-Borneol is a positive allosteric modulator of a1B2y2L subunit-containing GABAA receptors (EC50 = 248 ?M for human recombinant receptors).{36773} It dose-dependently increases the paw withdrawal threshold following segmental spinal nerve ligation surgery or intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in mouse paw.{36860} (+)-Borneol (100 ?M) inhibits increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells incubated with amyloid-B (1-42) (AB42; Item No. 20574).{36861} It also inhibits the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in vitro, including E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, P. vulgaris, and S. typhimurium (MICs = 125-250 ?g/mL).{36862} Formulations containing (+)-borneol have been used as fragrance ingredients.