2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline

2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) is a food-derived carcinogen that is found in high temperature-cooked meats and tobacco smoke.{39298} In humans, IQ is metabolized by the cytochrome (CYP) P450 isoform CYP1A2 and conjugated by N-acetyltransferase or sulfotransferase to a metabolite that reacts with DNA to form adducts. It induces formation of single-base substitutions and exon deletions and increases cell death in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. In vivo, IQ increases the incidence of squamous cell hyperplasias in the stomach of p53 knockout mice and increases hepatocellular lesions in female mice regardless of p53 status.{39299}